Teflon Lined Hydrothermal Autoclave

Teflon Lined Hydrothermal Autoclave Description and Specifications

A hydrothermal autoclave, sometimes called a hydrothermal reactor, is a specialized device made from high-quality stainless steel (SS 316). The reactor comes in sizes ranging from 10ml to 2000ml and is primarily used for synthesizing chemicals, nanoparticles, catalysts, and crystals under high temperature and pressure conditions. The hydrothermal or solvothermal reactions take place in this high-pressure environment. There are two main types of hydrothermal autoclaves: Teflon-lined and PPL-lined. The Teflon-lined variety can operate at temperatures up to 220 °C (428 °F), with a safe working temperature set at 200 °C (392 °F). In contrast, the PPL-lined reactor is designed for higher temperature operations, with a maximum operating temperature of 280 degrees Celsius (536°F) and a safe limit of 260 °C (500°F). The autoclave is widely used in laboratories, research facilities, institutional organizations, and quality control sectors in various industries.

The hydrothermal reactor features an outer stainless steel jacket and an inner chamber. It operates safely up to a maximum pressure of 3 MPa and is designed to withstand corrosive, acidic, and alkaline solutions, making it suitable for various chemical processes. There are two configurations available: threaded and flange types. The threaded type is available in 10ml to 500ml, while the flange type is offered in 1 liter, 1.5 liters, and 2 liters. The threaded design includes two caps for enhanced safety, whereas the flange type uses two tightly secured flanges with bolts. It is important to heat or cool the reactor at a controlled rate to prevent deformation of the inner vessel. Ensure temperatures do not exceed the safe limit. Users should not fill the reactor more than 90% of its capacity to maximize its efficiency and safety. Ensure it is thoroughly cleaned before each use to avoid contamination. The hydrothermal autoclave is an effective tool for conducting high-temperature and high-pressure reactions in various scientific and industrial applications.

Technical Specifications of Hydrothermal Autoclave

• Safe temperature:  For Teflon 200°C/ For PPL 260°C
• Maximum operating temperature: For Teflon 220 °C/ For PPL 280 °C
• Working pressure: ≤ 30 Bar
• Heating and cooling rate: ≤ 5°C/min
• Outer shell material: High quality stainless steel (SS 316)
• Stainless steel type: SS Alloy 316
• Inner shell material: Teflon or PTFE liner
• Reactor types available: Flange type and threaded type
• Sizes available: For PPL 25ml, 50ml, 100ml, 150ml, 200ml, 300ml, 500ml and for Teflon 10ml, 25ml, 50ml, 100ml, 150ml, 200ml, 300ml, 500ml, 1000ml, 1500ml, 
• 2000ml
• Sealing types: Screw sealing and flange sealing

Features of Hydrothermal Autoclave

• Constructed with a robust 314 stainless steel outer shell, offering durability and explosion-proof safety.
• Optional customized stainless steel jacket made of SS 316 for enhanced corrosion resistance.
• The internal lining of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)/polypropylene (PPL) ensures superior chemical resistance to strong acids, alkalis, and corrosive substances.
• Withstands high temperatures up to 260°C and pressures up to ≤ 3 MPa (30 Bar).
• Ensures safe handling of volatile and corrosive components without destructive effects.
• The sealing design prevents leaks, ensuring long-term stability and safety.
• Smooth threads allow effortless locking and unlocking.
• Lightweight, reusable, and easy to transport.
• Prevents harmful spills, minimizes contamination, and ensures safe operation.
• Short processing times with reliable analytical outcomes.
• Aesthetic design combined with practical operation.
• A screw-type primary cap is used for basic tightening, and a secondary cap is used for additional leak prevention.
• Suitable for handling challenging samples under elevated conditions.

Application of Hydrothermal Autoclave

The hydrothermal autoclave reactor is extensively utilized in various scientific and industrial fields, including materials science, energy research, environmental engineering, nanotechnology, polymer science, catalysis, and petrochemicals. It is used in chemical synthesis, nanoparticle production, crystal growth, polymerization reactions, and hydrothermal processes like decomposition, oxidation, and precipitation. It also has applications for digesting materials, crystallizing substances, and dissolving challenging compounds such as heavy metals, refractory materials, and organic chemicals.

Due to its versatility and efficiency, the autoclave is indispensable for research and development across various fields. In geology, it replicates hydrothermal environments and simulates natural processes to create minerals. It is used in the production of high-purity pharmaceutical compounds. The equipment supports solvothermal reactions in organic solvents at elevated temperatures and pressures. Effective for hydrothermal synthesis, enabling the creation of nanomaterials, crystalline structures, and advanced compounds under controlled high-pressure and high-temperature conditions.

How to use Hydrothermal Autoclave Reactor?

• Place the autoclave and the sterilizing materials on a stable surface such as a table or shelf.
• Open the main stainless-steel cap (SS Alloy 316) counterclockwise.
• Lift the upper lid to remove the milky white PTFE/Teflon reaction chamber.
• Fill the PTFE or PPL chamber with solvent, ensuring the filling ratio does not exceed 90% of the chamber’s capacity.
• Seal the liner tightly by securing the liner cap to prevent pressure leaks.
• Insert the PTFE liner into the stainless-steel chamber.
• Place the top lid over the vessel and confirm that the chamber is correctly positioned in the stainless-steel container.
• Twist the main stainless-steel cap clockwise until it is fully closed.
• Tighten the secondary stainless-steel cap on top of the primary cap for extra pressure protection.
• Use a locking rod to tighten the primary cap further, if necessary.
• Place the Teflon-lined autoclave in the heater, oven, or furnace.
• Gradually increase the temperature at a controlled rate of 5°C per minute.
• Ensure the temperature remains below the specified safe operating limit for proper operation.
• After the reaction, allow the autoclave to cool at a controlled rate.
• Verify that the temperature has dropped below the boiling point of the reactant solvent before opening the lid.
• Loosen the kettle lid screws, then carefully open the lid.
• Clean the PTFE liner thoroughly to ensure it is ready for reuse.
• Clean the autoclave immediately after use to prevent rust.
• Regularly inspect and replace the liners to maintain functionality.
• Test the laboratory process before using larger reactors for larger-scale applications.

Safety guidelines

• Always ensure there is water in the autoclave before use. Avoid using hard water.
• Thoroughly clean the reaction vessel before use to prevent contamination.
• Check that the pressure gauge is functioning correctly.
• Confirm that the stainless steel body is in good condition.
• Securely close the autoclave caps, never force them open without loosening the primary stainless steel cap using a tightening rod.
• When loading materials, tighten the kettle body and lid with a wrench or stainless steel rod.
• Do not place any additional weight on the autoclave.
• Loosen the top and remove the body and lid when taking apart the unit.
• After each day of use, clean and dry the hydrothermal reactor unit.

Why choose us?

At Shilpa Enterprises, we specialize in providing high quality products for research labs, educational institutions, and the energy sector. We offer competitive pricing, especially for bulk orders, making it cost-effective to purchase premium products. Our Hydrothermal Autoclave Reactor is customizable to meet specific needs, with our expert team ready to help the operator configure the perfect system. The operator can consider us the best quality manufacturer and supplier at an affordable price. We also offer a range of non-stirred pressure vessels in different sizes and pressure ratings for diverse lab applications. Our autoclave is known for being reliable, precise, and durable. It can handle extreme temperatures and pressures while providing safe and consistent results. The Teflon/PPL lining helps it resist corrosive substances, making it suitable for many experiments. Reach out to us for the ideal solution tailored to specific needs.